1st CONFERENCE ON ECONOMIC, FINANCE, ENTREPREUSHIP AND TECHNOLOGY

 

CONFERENCE THEME; CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF SOMALI SHILLING, SHORTAGE, AND DEPRECIATION.

Bushra Business Bank had the opportunity to participate and discuss on the causes and effect of Somali shilling shortage and depreciation.Somalia is a country of strategic geographical location in the horn of Africa. The country faced financial and economic distortion after the collapse of regime in 1991. More than two decades of lacking effective government, monetary and fiscal authorities the regulated economy made some obstacles.as soon as the falling down of military regime the shilling, alongside with the acceptance of the society, experienced vulnerability, value instability and became less value which at last led to the usage of dollar in domestic business transactions and in the larger market.

When was the Somali shilling established?

In 1962 Banco Nazionale Somalia or the National Bank of Somalia is established and started to provide economic and financial service to the nation. New banknotes called Somali shilling were issued in December 1962, this money contained 100-shilling, 20-shilling, 10 shilling and 5 shilling as you can see the picture below.

1966 and 1968 the government created the second and the third batches of Somalia. shilling (So .Sh.) and 1972 the forth issued shilling is released to the market . 1975 National Bank of Somalia is converted to the Central Bank of Somalia and controlled the monetary system of the country up to the collapse of the government in 1991. the conference focused on three major factors that causes shortages and depreciation of Somali shillings.

1. dollarization factor

2. Political factor

3.economic factor

The effect of Dollarization on the local currency.

The conference focused on the effect of dollarization on local currency in Somalia. the key findings on the effect of dollarization on local currency in Somalia encompass;

1.dollarazation creates local currency depreciation and shortages in Somalia

2. dollarization increases the rate of foreign exchange on local currency

3. it causes inflation rate.

4. it creates lack of financial control in the economy

Solution on the dollarization

I. The federal government of Somalia should introduce new regulation on monetary system

II. Introduce new reforms

III. Review business models in Somalia

An analysis of the Economic and Political factors causing currency shortages and deprecation.

Bushra business bank findings on this topic of political factors causing currency shortages and deprecation in Somalia entails;

I. Higher current account deficit of Somalia compared with its trading partners leading to high foreign currency inflow and hence weaking Somali shillings

II. Unhealthy economy characterized by high unemployment rate leading to currency shortages and deprecation

III. Political instability which is causing uncertainty and fear among investors and resulting into currency and weak regulation control by government.

IV. Higher public debt which is outpacing economic growth and driving up inflation rate.

Solution on the political factors causing currency shortages and deprecation.

I. The government of Somalia should monitor and supervise thoroughly the macro-economic elements in the country

II. The government should introduce policy reform in order to overcome currency shortages and depreciation.

III. The government should introduce effective monetary policy in order to control supply and use of money in the economy

IV. The government should spend more on investment in order to improve its economic growth and increase its export rate to stabilize the currency value.

 

The influence of E-Money on currency. shortages and depreciation in Somalia

The aim of this discussion was to examine the influence of E-money on Somali shillings.

The key finding of discussion was the following;

I. E-money technology lacks security leading to shortages and depreciation.

II. E-money creates exchange rate instability since it transfers and receives money into the country using powerful foreign currencies such as dollar that decrease the value of the local currency.

III. E-money decreases ability to supervise, monitor and control country’s currency leading to currency shortages and depreciation

IV. E-money in Somalia has got limited expansion and coverage creating currency shortages.

 

Solution on the influence of E-money on currency crisis and depreciation;

I. The federal government of Somalia through the Central Bank of Somalia should introduce and enforce effective supervision on all the issuers of E-money.

II. The government should provide solid, transparent and effective legal arrangements that provide the rights and duties of the merchants, customers, issuers and operators of E-money to control fraud and other illegal activities withing E-money.

III. The government should provide effective technical security to ensure smooth and transparent use of E-money in the country.

IV. The government should pass and implement effective law such E-money

Act that can protect the people against criminal abuses.

V. The government should assess and report monthly monetary statistics to overcome the causes of currency shortages and depreciation